S-band search radars
To find submarines, Navy requested an S band search radar. Ernest Pollard was given the task of developing a shipboard SG band set and an ASGband version for large aircraft such as Navy blimps. The SG band radars were intended to detect submarines at 15-miles or more. The Navy later used the AN/APS-2 for submarine detection.
The Type 42 was a more powerful and efficient version of the Type 41. It had a range up to 40 km. The Type 42 was also designed to be used on ships and underwent several revisions. It had a peak power of three to five kW, and a pulse width of 10 milliseconds. It weighed in at one to two tonnes and was put into service in late 1942. The Type 42 was modified in the middle of the 1940s to meet the needs of the surface fleet.
The invention radars was a benefit for the German navy. The NVA, or Nachrichten-Versuchskommando, was located at Pelzerhaken near Lubeck. Radiomarelli of Italy constructed the radar. However, the documentation was destroyed by the Italian Royal Navy Command to avoid capture by the Nazis. The Germans eventually captured Brandimarte, who later became a Lt. Commander and participated in the anti-fascist resistance movement.
X-band weather radars
One of the best radars available is the Xband weather radar. It operates at frequencies between 3000 MHz & 10 cm. The antennas in this band are relatively small and require a lot of power, which makes them expensive. They are too large to fit into an airplane.
X band radars operate in the 8-12 GHz frequency band and are more sensitive than other instruments to detect smaller particles in atmosphere. These radars are used for cloud development research and light precipitation observation. Their high-sensitivity allows them to identify tiny water and snow particles. Despite their small range and light weight, X band weather radars are used extensively in civilian and military aircraft.
There are several types today of weather radars. One of the most popular is the AN/CPS-9 X-band radar that was originally developed for the U.S. Air Force. Although controversial, this radar has helped to highlight the importance of radar meteorology.
Low radar for chain homes
The Chain Home Low radar or CHL was a small radar developed to detect targets even at low altitudes. The radar could detect targets upto 15 meters. The magnetron powered it. Its antenna was initially a grid of dipoles six meters high and ninety centimeters wide. Later, it became a slotted-waveguide near its focal points. This system was used primarily for early warning missions.
During World War II, the Chain Home Low radar system was used by the United States. It was based on the Coastal Defence radars, which had been installed in 1939. They were then repurposed for low-flying aircraft detection. In the beginning, the CH stations were simpler than their successors. Each station was composed of a transmitter, and a receiver.