During the past few years, robotic exoskeletons have been developed to help people with lower limb impairments. These devices are able to improve physical ability and allow people with disabilities reach their full potential. They are also useful in helping patients with paralysis after a stroke, spinal injury, or any other neurological condition. Various organizations have supported the importance of physical activity for people with SCIs, and the use of exoskeletons is seen as a way to encourage more physical activity. Unfortunately, patients with limited funds may find it difficult to access the equipment because of the high price. Numerous companies are entering the market to offer these devices.
Cornell Aeronautical Labs created the MAN–Amplifier, which was the first exoskeleton to use force amplification. The MAN–Amplifier was a system which used a servo motor and a pneumatic drive to drive it. It was made to aid people with physical disabilities in walking more comfortably. The exoskeleton is equipped with motors and a strength boost. Exoskeletons were also created to assist people on steep slopes.
Exoskeletons have been shown to improve gait function in patients suffering from acute injuries or chronic illnesses. There have been numerous studies. Researchers also studied the effects of exoskeletons on body composition, cardiovascular health, and gait parameters. These studies show that exoskeletons can be used to improve gait function in SCI patients. These studies did not evaluate the effectiveness of exoskeletons on different applications or with different types of patients.
Robotic exoskeletons are a great way to help patients with mobility issues and improve their participation in social activities. They may also provide patients with greater independence in medical and rehabilitation settings. However, patients must be properly trained in the use of exoskeletons. The trainer must also be able provide hands-on training for patients to use the exoskeleton.
The Honda Walking Assist (hip robotic exoskeleton) is designed to assist stroke patients. The exoskeleton is composed of two motors, which transmit torque to user's thigh via two strap frames. Sensors in the exoskeleton can also measure the speed and direction that the wearer is walking. The sensors allow for the exoskeleton’s motors can be adjusted to provide the wearer with the necessary assistance. Also, power can now be supplied to the wearer's hips/knees.
The Soft Exosuit is a flexible textile material exoskeleton that optimizes metabolic energy use during walking. The Soft Exosuit is also driven by a Bowden line. An exoskeleton has a depth camera to collect environmental information. The exoskeleton also employs a machine-learning algorithm to recognize walking patterns. The exoskeleton comes with a 4-point binding system to provide stability while standing.
Soft Exosuit is another lower extremity robotic exoskeleton that was created by Connor Walsh's Harvard University research team. This exoskeleton is equipped with auxiliary torques that are applied to human joints to increase flexibility. The Soft Exosuit also helps optimize the walking mode, and applies the auxiliary torques to help reduce stress on the joints.